Steel.

Steel: It is usually made of an iron base alloy,it is malleable under proper conditions,and it contains up to 2% carbon. Some other alloys with high proportion of other elements and a relatively small amount of iron, are still called steel if the iron and carbon are important influencing elements.

Iron is the most important component in steel. it is a major component and primary element in steel. Carbon is the major alloying element. 90% of the steels produced through out the world is referred to as carbon steel.

Magnetite is combination of ferric oxide and ferrous oxide (Fe₂O₃ & FeO). It is a black ore containing about 15% iron. Magnetite is strongly magnetic.

Hematite is red blood in color and is basically ferric oxide or rust (Fe₂O₃). It is a low grade ore than magnetite and has 50% iron. Taconite is a green low grade core which had 30% iron. Other ores are limonite, siderite, marcesite and iron pyrites.

Steel was known in antiquity, and may have been produced by managing bloomeries — iron-smelting facilities — so that the bloom contained carbon.

The earliest known production of steel is a piece of ironware excavated from an archaeological site in Anatolia and is about 4,000 years old.

Alloy steels are steels whose properties mainly attributed to the presence of one or more elements other than carbon.